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CAJAMARCA

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SHIELD OF THE CAJAMARCA DEPARTMENT

THE CAJAMARCA DEPARTMENT

Who thinks about Cajamarca, she thinks immediately about culture fields extending to the flank of the way, in slopes of hills, the plains of the gorges.

The charming city, considered Historical and Cultural Patrimony of the Américas, was transformed during the incaica time into an administrative, military and religious center of singular importance. The 16 of November of 1532, were scene of one of the most transcendental episodes of American history, when a group of Spaniards to the control of the conqueror Francisco Pizarro took prisoner to the Atahualpa Inca. This one, according to chronicles, once filled the Quarter of Rescate of gold and twice of silver to where it reached his hand. At the moment, a mark in the stone wall indicates until where the enclosure filled.

The city reflects the Spanish influence in the architecture of the Cathedral, the churches of San Francisco, Bethlehem and the Recoleta; and in its houses of two floors and ceiling to two waters. To the east of the city, is the district Baths of the Inca, famous by thermal waters where the Inca was used to also bathing and because are there the Windows of Otuzco, set of niches of the old inhabitants of the place.

Main Attractive:

Cathedral of Cajamarca or First Church Santa Catherine
Jr Stone cross s/n, Seat of Arms. Visits: L-D 8:00-11:00 and 18:00-21:00.

The Real Certificate of the 26 of December of 1665 ordered the establishment of a parish of Spaniards in the city of Cajamarca and the temple was built in the old House of Justice that, in 1682, would be elevated to the category of cathedral. One is one of the samples of baroque Peruvian the more outstanding and has a facade that harmoniously combines columns, cornices and hornacinas finely carved. In its three ships they emphasize the greater altar and the púlpito, both wood carvings and covered with gold bread.

Church San Francisco (initially denominated "San Antonio")
Jr Two of May. Visits: L-V 9:00-12:00 and 16:00-18:00.

It was built in 1699 with worked stones of the call "House of the Sierpe", property of the cacique of Cajamarca, Don Calixto Astopilco, and with stones of the hill Santa Apolonia. In 1952 they were discovered under the greater altar of the church catacombs in which lay the rest of numerous members of the franciscana order and members of the indigenous nobility. In addition to the church it is possible to be visited the convent, the Museum of Religious Art and the Sanctuary of the Painful Virgin, pattern of the city. The image of the virgin is in the Chapel of the Shrine (1685), adjacent to the church of San Francisco, where they emphasize the baroque carvings, the stone carvings in high relief which they represent scenes of the life of Jesus and the ashlar masonry of the choir carved in wood.

Monumental Set Bethlehem
Jr Bethlehem Cdra. 6. Visits: L-S 9:00-13:00 and 15:00-18:00; D 9:00-13:00.

Architectonic set of the century XVIII, that includes/understands the church, the ex- Hospital of Men (Medical Museum) and the ex- Hospital of Women (Archaeological and Ethnographic Museum), formerly call "Hospital of Our Lady of the Mercy". The temple, of baroque style, is characterized by its carefully carved stone cover, the unfinished towers, the lateral arcades and abutments.

Monumental Set The Recoleta
Intersection of the Av. The Teacher and the Av. The Heroes. Visits: L-D 8:00-12:00 and 16:00-20:00.

This set is made up of the church and the convent, both constructions of second half of century XVII. The facade of the temple has form of neoclassic plateresco altarpiece, with elegant espadañas instead of towers. Its interior, formed by a single ship, shines a beautiful cupola, the high choir and three sober altars.

Natural Viewpoint Santa Apolonia
Located in the high part of city, the main entrance is by Jr Two of May, to two blocks of the Seat of Arms. Visits L-D 9:00-13:00 and 15:00-17:00.

The hill Santa Apolonia, formerly called in quechua Rumi Tiana (stone seat), is a strategically important point to appreciate the city and the valley of Cajamarca. In the edges are some vestiges of Hispanic constructions like the call "Chair of the Inca", formed by a stone block that leaves the own hill and that carefully was carved to give its present form him. It emphasizes, between the perrons and gardens, a chapel consecrated to the Virgin of Fátima.

Quarter of Rescate
Jr Amalia Puga 750. Visits: L-S 9:00-13:00 and 15:00-18:00, D 9:00-13:00.

It is the only vestige of architecture Inca in the city. It was constructed in stone, with the walls slightly inclined to give him to the trapezial form characteristic of the constructions Incas. The Atahualpa Inca, who was prisoner in this room, offered to Francisco Pizarro to twice fill the quarter with silver and one to him with gold in exchange for his freedom.

Archaeological complex of Cumbemayo
To 20 km to the southwest of the city of Cajamarca (45 minutes in car). Visits L-D 9:00-17:00.

Discovered in 1937, the complex is surrounded by an interesting stone forest that seems to reproduce the silhouettes of pious friars (reason why familiarly "frailones" is denominated to them). In addition, they emphasize the Aqueduct (1000 a.C.), singular hydraulic engineer installation; the denominated Sanctuary, farallón with appearance of a gigantic human head; and the Caves, where engravings or petroglifos exist.

Archaeological complex of Layzón
To 9 km to the southwest of the city of Cajamarca (20 minutes in car).

They conform walls that exceed the 6 meters of height and monoliths in high rock relief worked. The main structure was built with a continuous semicanteadas stone superposition and exist six platforms united by perrons; in slopes there are several aligned enclosures, and towards the Southeastern it appears a great platform. The place been would have dedicated to the Gods.

Windows of Otuzco
To 8 km to the northwest of the city of Cajamarca (10 minutes in car). Visits L-D 9:00-17:00.

Necrópolis of Otuzco is well-known popularly with the name of "Windows of Otuzco" by its particular aspect, because the square or rectangular niches were carved in a rocky surface of volcanic origin in consecutive rows. By the action of the sacking, it is difficult to determine his exact antiquity, but some evidences allow to associate them with the Caxamarca culture, that had influence in the region between years 300-800 d.C.

The Baths of the Inca
To 6 km to the east of the city of Cajamarca (10 minutes in car). Visits: L-D 6:00-18:30.

Thermal waters of temperatures superior to 72ºC (158ºF), with minerals that have therapeutic properties for the treatment of affections to the bones and the nervous system. Pozas of deprived use, public swimming pools and other services of therapeutic treatment exist. Originally Pultumarca call, counts the tradition that was resting the Atahualpa Inca there shortly before the confrontation with Pizarro.

Porcón Farm (Cooperative Agrarian Atahualpa Jerusalem)
To 30 km to the north of the city of Cajamarca (1 hour in car).

The members of this cooperative have decided to open their doors to the tourism, where it is possible to appreciate his form of life and to participate in the agricultural workings, cattle and forest; in addition, long walks by the forest and the field can be made. Porcón farm reunites in a single place agroturismo, nature and cultural interchange.

Distances from the city of Cajamarca:

- Cajabamba (Province of Cajabamba) 125 km/4 hours.
- Celendín (Province of Celendín) 107 km/5 hours.
- Chota (Province of Chota) 152 km/8 hours.
- Contumazá (Province of Contumazá) 129 km/4 hours.
- Cutervo (Province of Cutervo) 219 km/9 hours and 30 minutes.
- Bambamarca (Province of Hualgayoc) 119 km/6 hours.
- Jaén (Province of Jaén) 559 km/11 hours.
- San Ignacio (Province of San Ignacio) 666 km/13 hours.
- San Marcos (Province of San Marcos) 64 km/1 hour.
- San Miguel de Pallaques (Province of San Miguel) 141 km/4 hours and 30 minutes.
- San Pablo (Province of San Pablo) 108 km/3 hours.
- Santa Cruz de Suncchubamba (Province of Santa Cruz) 210 km/10 hours.

Source: http://www.peru.info/

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